
1.3.2 Assets can be infinitely split, and the investment threshold is greatly reduced
The rise of tokenization of real-world assets (RWA) allows ordinary people to access financial products that were originally exclusive to high-net-worth individuals. For example, Ondo Finance (see the figure below) and BlackRock's BUIDL Fund are putting stable income assets such as US Treasury bonds and money market funds on the chain, and you can participate with as little as a few dollars.

The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) predicted in its 2023 report that by 2030, the global illiquid asset tokenization market is expected to reach US$16 trillion (see the figure below).

At the beginning of 2025, the on-chain tokenization scale of US Treasury bonds alone exceeded US$7 billion (see the figure below) and continued to grow.

1.3.3 Assets are composable and programmable, releasing innovation space
Tokenization not only brings liquidity, but also has high composability and programmability like "Lego bricks". Taking the Ethereum re-pledge protocol Ether.fi as an example, users can pledge ETH to obtain eETH, which can be used as collateral to participate in lending, investment and other operations.
Another example is Pendle Finance, which separates, prices and trades future income, and builds complex financial instruments such as fixed income and interest rate swaps on the chain. As of May 2025, DeFiLlama data shows that income token protocols such as Pendle also manage more than $4 billion in assets (see the figure below), demonstrating the strong financial innovation momentum brought by tokenization.

1.4 Challenges that tokenization still needs to overcome
Despite its broad prospects, tokenization still faces two core challenges:
Asset custody security and compliance transparency
How to ensure that off-chain assets are authentic, secure and auditable? At present, mainstream practices include regular third-party audits, on-chain reserve reports, and compliant escrow account systems, and regulatory frameworks are gradually being established around the world.
Risks of Oracles and Price Feed Mechanisms
Errors in price oracles may lead to large-scale liquidation events on DeFi platforms. Current industry responses include the use of decentralized oracles (such as Chainlink) and the adoption of the time-weighted average price mechanism (TWAP), but the overall mechanism is not yet mature and still needs to be continuously optimized.
Through the above analysis, it is not difficult to see that tokenization has driven the Internet from a simple information carrier to a "value Internet" that can exchange real value. It has lowered the threshold for ordinary people to participate in global high-value investments and has completely changed the logic and speed of financial services.
When value can flow freely, the way the platform attracts users will also change - from traditional charges to users to directly sharing value with users. The airdrop economy is the best example of this change.

2. Airdrop Economy: The value transition from "users" to "shareholders"
If tokenization allows value to flow freely like information, then the rise of the airdrop economy has completely rewritten the economic relationship between the platform and users.
We are experiencing an unprecedented business model revolution -
from "users pay" → to "free use" → to "platforms give money".
In this process, users were included in the core of interest distribution for the first time, and truly upgraded from "consumers" to "co-builders" and "beneficiaries".
2.1 The essence of the airdrop economy: sinking benefits + user shareholder system
In the past, users paid for services; later, users used them for free, and the platform made money from advertising. Now, decentralized platforms have gone a step further: directly giving money to users.

This sounds like a fantasy, but the facts are better than imagination. Airdrop Economy is to realize the dividends that originally belonged to the platform exclusively and sink them to users by issuing tokens to early users, contributors, developers, and communicators. These tokens not only represent future income dividends, but also give users governance rights, building a new platform model similar to the "user shareholder system".
To understand the power of the airdrop economy, you might as well use the "flywheel model" to see how it works:
Token airdrops start growth: The platform distributes a certain proportion of tokens to early users or contributors free of charge.
User benefits bring a sense of belonging: After getting the tokens, users not only enjoy the dividends of rising coin prices, but also gain the identity recognition of "I am part of the platform."
Feed back the platform's activity and liquidity: As users use the platform more and more, the platform's locked-in volume (TVL), trading volume, and reputation are all rising.
The platform's value has increased, and the price of the currency has risen: the increase in user participation has driven the overall valuation of the platform and the price of tokens higher.
Attract new users to continue to flow in: The positive cycle is triggered again, and token incentives have become the engine of growth.
This logic is not a theory, but has been staged many times in reality.
2.2 Airdrop Economy: Becoming a New Paradigm for Web3 Value Discovery and Community Building
In traditional business logic, any form of capital investment, whether it is new user incentives or promotion cashback, must be subject to precise input-output ratio (ROI) and customer acquisition cost (CAC) calculations. However, the "airdrop economy" that has emerged in the Web3 field is challenging this inherent thinking in a subversive manner. It no longer follows the traditional path of "contribution post-reward", but advocates "value first, trust-driven" - that is, first distribute rights and interests to potential users and contributors, and use this as a lever to leverage their future enthusiasm for participation and ecological co-construction.
2.2.1 Uniswap: "Ownership Revolution" triggered by airdrop
The airdrop event of Uniswap in 2020 is a milestone practice of this new paradigm. This is not just a simple token distribution, but also known as the "national stock ownership movement" in the crypto world. Every early user was pleasantly surprised to find that 400 UNI tokens were added to their wallets. This "windfall" was worth about $1,200 at the time, and once exceeded $10,000 in the subsequent bull market.

Uniswap's innovation is:
For the first time, it verified "airdrops are advertising" on a large scale: It turns out that directly distributing tokens to users is more effective in attracting liquidity (TVL has achieved explosive growth) and enhancing brand influence than traditional advertising.
The governance structure has been reshaped: users are no longer just liquidity providers or simple service users, but by holding the governance token UNI, they have become "shareholders" and direct participants in the formulation of platform rules and future development. This marks a new attempt by open source projects to transform community members into a core community of interests.
2.2.2 EigenLayer: Expectation-driven systematic market launch
The success of Uniswap opened the prelude to the airdrop economy, and subsequent practitioners have pushed it to a more refined and strategic level. The re-staking protocol EigenLayer is a typical representative. It did not directly issue tokens in the early stage, but by building a set of ingenious "airdrop expectation" mechanisms, it successfully attracted a large number of users to re-stake the ETH originally locked in the Ethereum mainnet into its protocol.

EigenLayer's strategy demonstrates the evolution of the airdrop economy:
The strong pull of expected value: Before the EIGEN token was officially airdropped, its total locked value (TVL) had exceeded the 10 billion US dollar mark based on clear expectations and mechanism design alone.
Systematic market launch experiment: The first round of token issuance in April 2024 not only caused a sensation in the crypto community, but also directly ignited related tracks such as "modular security" and "active verification service" (AVS). This is far beyond the scope of simple feedback, and is more like a grand market experiment that uses future rights and interests to anchor current participation and ecological construction.
These large-scale, inclusive airdrops are not a small circle game for a few elites, but are aimed at a broad "consensus cold start". They cover a variety of ecological roles from ordinary users to developers to node operators, injecting unprecedented vitality and participation into the entire network.
2.2.3 Airdrop economy has become the core engine of Web3 narrative
From Uniswap's pioneering attempts to EigenLayer's expectation management innovation, we clearly see a trend: airdrops are evolving from sporadic market behaviors to a core, systematic new paradigm in the Web3 field.

It is profoundly rewriting three core business propositions:
Where do users come from? —— From "purchasing users" relying on advertising to "co-building partners" attracted by value.
How is the community established? —— From loose interest aggregation to "distributed companies" based on common interests and ownership.
Why does the platform grow? —— From one-way service output to a positive flywheel driven by token economy and multi-party participation.
The essence of the airdrop economy is far more than the appearance of "issuing coins". It is a new organizational and incentive philosophy that regards the community as the core asset, the user as the starting engine, and the token as the economic medium that connects everything. This perfectly interprets the classic vision of Web3: "No longer rely on advertising to attract users, but use value itself to attract value."
2.3 The far-reaching impact of the airdrop economy
The emergence of the airdrop economy has reconstructed the most fundamental relationship logic between the platform and users, and opened a new door to win-win for creators and developers.
2.3.1 Changes in customer acquisition logic
In the traditional Internet, the way platforms acquire customers is almost the same: spending money on advertising, treating users as "targets of advertising", treating attention as "commodity resources", refining the flow of advertising, and bidding between Google and Facebook. The value of users has been defined as "the target of conversion" from the beginning.
But in the Web3 world, this model has been completely overturned.
Airdrops are no longer platforms paying intermediaries to acquire users, but directly converting the money that should have been given to advertising giants into tokens and distributing them to users who actually use the products, are willing to share and participate in the construction. This is a trust-based reverse incentive mechanism. The platform is no longer "looking for people to advertise", but "inviting users to be shareholders".

2.3.2 Users become shareholders
This change not only brings about a reversal of the customer acquisition logic, but also a fundamental change in the identity of users. In the past, you were just a "tenant" of the platform, leaving after use and being replaced at any time.
Now, you begin to participate as a "co-governing shareholder". You are not only a user, but also a contributor, promoter, and even a rule maker and decision maker. Holding platform tokens is like holding shares in a company. It inspires a deeper level of participation motivation and sense of belonging.
2.3.3 Bottom-level workers become co-builders
More profound changes are happening to creators and developers.
In the Web2 era, platforms controlled distribution channels and traffic entrances, and creators depended on them for survival, but were often harvested; while helping the platform grow, they watched it go public to raise money.
In Web3, more and more protocols have reserved some tokens in the early stages to incentivize the "bottom-level workers" of the ecosystem: content creators, independent developers, and operators of running nodes. They are not outsourced employees, but true "co-builders" - exchanging shares for contributions and dividends according to the agreement. The platform is no longer a wall that can only be looked up to, but a bridge that can be built together and shared.
This structural change not only improves the business model, but also reshapes the basic logic of value distribution. Its profound meaning is that the platform is no longer the center, but the community is; users are no longer the goal, but partners; and all real growth has its own owner from now on.
2.4 Concerns of the airdrop economy: Beware of bubbles and abuse
Of course, this model also has hidden concerns:
Witch attack: Some people maliciously register multiple accounts to extract airdrop income and disrupt fairness.
Foaming: Airdrops that are issued indiscriminately and lack actual business support are prone to short-term speculation and long-term lack of trust.
Compliance gray area: Some countries have regarded some airdrops as securities issuance, and related projects are facing legal pressure.

These problems remind us that airdrops are not a panacea, but a long-term incentive mechanism that requires careful design.
However, by "sharing money" instead of "charging", an unprecedented win-win relationship with users is established, which is a huge progress in any case.
Furthermore, when users get tokens, they don't just "sell" or "save them for appreciation" - many people will be attracted to start their own projects. More and more people will find that because of decentralization, innovation and entrepreneurship are no longer so out of reach.
3. Open source innovation: From creativity to product, only a few lines of configuration are needed
If tokenization has opened up the underlying network for value circulation, and the airdrop economy has reshaped the value distribution model between platforms and users, then what really makes the innovation speed explode exponentially is the most powerful "engine" of this era - open source innovation.
This is an unprecedented paradigm shift: you don't need venture capital, a network of relationships, or even an office and a server. Just a few open source modules, a clear incentive mechanism and an Internet-connected computer can ignite the future of an ecosystem.
But the reason why it was established is still the three words "decentralization".
3.0 Open source is a rigid demand for decentralization

In a system without central review and absolute trust intermediary, if any code is not open source, it means that no one can really verify its security and credibility - in other words, no one dares to use it.
Decentralization forces the code to be open source, and once open source, it is equivalent to setting up a huge "innovation springboard" in front of developers all over the world. This is not as simple as lowering the threshold, but directly reconstructing the "productivity of innovation."
Decentralization makes open source a rigid demand, and open source puts innovation into the flywheel. This path has never been so clear, and it has never been so close to every ordinary person.
3.1 How does this mechanism work?
What is traditional entrepreneurship like? You have a good idea, first you have to pull a team, attract investment, build a backend, build a server, accept payments, then register a company, buy a trademark, and run the market. After a few months, the "preparation work" alone consumes more than half of your energy.
The Web3 world is completely different.

In this era of "Onchain-as-a-Service", all infrastructure has been encapsulated by developers into reusable "open source building blocks": wallet login, on-chain payment, NFT issuance, community governance, voting mechanism, content distribution...
All you have to do is pull it down from GitHub and change a few lines of configuration to complete the deployment. Especially with the maturity of modular blockchains (such as Celestia) and Layer2 solutions (such as Arbitrum Orbit, OP Stack), developers can more easily customize and launch their own application chains.
Many times, you build a new product as fast as changing a phone case.
This is not only a change in the technical structure, but also a revolution in the innovation paradigm.
Farcaster is a decentralized social protocol. It is not a single app, but a "social base" on which everyone can freely build applications.

As of early 2025, the Farcaster ecosystem has experienced explosive growth on the Layer2 network Base incubated by Coinbase. With its innovative "Frames" feature (which allows interactive applications to be embedded in information streams), Farcaster's daily active users once exceeded 50,000, and the number of applications in the ecosystem (applets or independent clients in Casts) surged to thousands. Many popular Frames applications can attract tens of thousands of user interactions within a few days, fully demonstrating the speed of innovation brought by the open source protocol combined with the underlying high-performance chain.
3.2 The cliff-like decline in the threshold of innovation
For individual developers, the open source innovation mechanism means:
Great cost reduction: The basic modules are all open source and deployed on the chain, and entrepreneurship no longer requires a large number of servers, operation and maintenance, and centralized payment.
Speed improvement: From idea to launch, an idea has changed from "several months" to "a few hours".
The return mechanism is clear: developers do not rely on "waiting for acquisition", but rely on protocol distribution of tokens, community incentives, and even on-chain dividends to make money while doing.
According to an influential analysis by crypto investment institution Variant Fund (whose views have been confirmed in 2024-2025): The average startup cost of Web3 developers has been reduced by more than 90%, while the code reuse rate has increased by nearly 80%. This means:
Creativity is the core asset, while capital and connections are being marginalized.

3.3 Potential risks: fast speed ≠ no risk
Of course, the greater the advantages of the open source flywheel, the higher the potential risks:
Long chain dependency: The open source module you use may depend on another module. If one of the components is attacked or shut down, the entire product chain may be implicated.
Legal gray area: Not all open source code is "free for you to use". Different open source protocols (such as MIT, GPL, Apache) have different constraints on commercial behavior, and unauthorized use may face infringement risks.
Security issues: Code reuse also means vulnerability reuse. Once an unaudited contract goes online, it may become a hacker's cash machine. (In 2024, there were many large-scale fund thefts due to reentry attacks or oracle manipulation, which once again sounded the alarm.)

Therefore, even in the "flywheel era", basic auditing, testing, and legal compliance are still indispensable.
Having written this, it is not difficult for us to find that:
In Web2, you need to build an organization to innovate; In Web3, you only need an idea and then hand it over to the community to realize it together.
Decentralization makes "creativity" itself have monetary value, and also makes it possible for all wild ideas to be quickly implemented.
This is also directly connected to the previous two flywheels: The new application you create will bring new assets, new users, and new value, thereby generating new tokens, launching new airdrops, and attracting new contributors... In the end, you yourself become part of the flywheel.
This is the new paradigm of Web3 innovation.
4. The logical closed loop of the decentralized business model?
You may have already felt that tokenization, airdrop economy, and open source innovation flywheel are not three unrelated trends. There is actually a very strong logical closed loop between them.
This is not a coincidence, but a new way of economic organization.

4.1 How positive feedback is formed
The original essence of the Internet is the free flow of information. The essence of Web3 is to let value flow like information.
Step 1: Tokenization, so that everything can be "priced" and circulated freely
Tokenization gives value a specific "format" and "address" on the chain, and any asset can be split, transmitted, and combined. From physical to abstract, from local to global, everything can be on the chain.
You can use USDC for cross-border payments, use stETH to participate in lending, use BlackRock's BUIDL to invest in tokenized U.S. bonds, and even tokenize "non-mainstream assets" such as attention, storage space, bandwidth, and re-pledged security (such as EigenLayer's AVS) to realize actual returns.
Everything starts with "on-chain pricing".
Step 2: Airdrop economy, distribute value directly to ordinary people
With tokens, there is naturally the problem of "value ownership".
In the traditional Internet, users create value and platforms capture value. You work hard to watch videos, like comments, and get people to register, but in the end, it is the platform and capital that make big money.
The airdrop mechanism of Web3 completely changes the value distribution path: instead of placing ads to buy traffic, it is directly "giving money" to users in exchange for loyalty.
Projects such as EigenLayer, Starknet, and Wormhole have proved one thing: if you want to attract new users, the most effective way is not "telling stories" but "sharing money".
Thus, a new entrepreneurial logic was born:
First, build an on-chain application at low cost through open source modules, and then use token airdrops to attract early users and contributors. With popularity, TVL increases, token appreciation, and market attention and traffic siphoning.
Airdrops are not just benefits, but the igniter to start this flywheel.
The third step: open source innovation flywheel, so that new products are born continuously
With tokens as the "fuel" and users and funds as the "engine", the rest is to launch rounds of innovation.
And the open source innovation flywheel just solves the most painful point for Web2 entrepreneurs: the resource threshold is too high and the speed is too slow.
Now you don’t need to develop a wallet system, deploy a backend server, or do payment settlement.
Everything is modularized, just waiting for you to "put the puzzle together".
The lowering of the innovation threshold + the openness of the token incentive mechanism have allowed countless developers around the world to start "starting a business with code". Even one person can start a company, and even an idea can become an application.
As a result, there has been an unprecedented explosion of innovation on the chain.
For example:
The Frames application on Farcaster, an idea may attract tens of thousands of users to interact within a few days;
Based on modular blockchains (such as Celestia Tia) or application chains built on OP Stack, new projects are announced or launched on average every week;
Restaking ecology (such as the AVS project on EigenLayer), a core protocol has led to the emergence of dozens of projects, and continues to distribute incentives through points and airdrop expectations.
These "projects" will eventually form new assets, accumulate new value, and further tokenize, starting a new round of growth cycle.

4.2 The ecological flywheel is spinning rapidly
When we string these three together, we will see an amazing picture:
Tokenization: All values have digital expressions and can flow freely on the chain;
Airdrop economy: Users, creators, and developers obtain value ownership through incentive mechanisms;
Open source innovation flywheel: New projects continue to emerge, promoting the birth of new scenarios, new assets, and new applications...
This structure is not a linear growth, but an exponential explosion. It is not "the rise of a product", but "the self-replication of an ecosystem".
It is like a never-ending accelerating spiral -
A protocol may breed a token;
A token may inspire an ecosystem;
An ecosystem may give birth to a new economic order.
Therefore, the real value of decentralization is not just "data on-chain" or "breaking intermediaries", but for the first time:
making the creation, distribution and transmission of value extremely efficient;
allowing countless individuals to collaborate without relying on systems or organizations, but only on consensus and incentive mechanisms;
allowing innovation to replicate and evolve at an astonishing speed, forming "social-level productivity release".
This is not a technological revolution, but a brand-new institutional revolution.

Conclusion: The future is here
When we look back at these three articles, a clear thread gradually emerges:
In the first article, we exposed the fig leaf of "fake decentralization" and saw that no matter how many chains there are or how flashy the codes are, if the lifeblood is still handed over to centralized cloud services and traditional platforms, then the so-called "freedom" is just a layer of wrapping paper, an illusion.
In the second article, we dismantled the underlying logic of true "decentralization": distributed ledgers, incentive mechanisms and governance systems, which together build a new order that is more stable, more trustworthy and more resistant to censorship.
And today, we finally answered the most fundamental question:
"What does this have to do with you?"
The answer is: it has a lot to do with you.
Decentralization is not some kind of technological ideal far from reality, but a reconstruction of power that is happening around you and me. It will directly affect:
Can you participate in the appreciation of global assets with a smaller principal?
Can you skip the intermediary and turn yourself into a shareholder of the platform instead of a "tool man"?
Can you use an idea and splice a few modules to make it run online globally without the need for financing, running relationships, and waiting for approval?
In the era of Web2, we are "users" - data is collected, attention is squeezed, and terms are passively accepted.
In the era of Web3, we can finally become "co-builders", "partners", and "governors" - real interest subjects.
This is the first time in history that ordinary people have the ability to participate in "institutional design" with a very low threshold.
Not through the ballot box, not through petitions, but through "wallet + signature", by holding a certain token, participating in a certain DAO, or just using a certain protocol in the early stage, you may become a co-builder of a new round of system and order.
In the final analysis, the decentralized revolution is not just a change in technical architecture, but a change in how value is generated, how it is distributed, and who decides it.
Although the passage of the US Stablecoin Act has brought new variables to decentralization, the real meaning of decentralization is:
Let the power, interests and future that were originally only controlled by large companies and big capital fall into the hands of ordinary people for the first time.
This is a reconstruction of production relations.
This is a sinking of grassroots power.
This is a paradigm shift that completely subverts the "platform-user" relationship.
And we are precisely in the first row of this change.
You don't need to be a programmer, nor do you need to be a miner. You just need to realize:
This era is different.
The next round of dividends will not be in the hands of those "platforms" that have already occupied the territory, but in the hands of you who are willing to participate, willing to learn, and willing to exchange actions for equity.
Who does the future belong to? Not to the giants, not to those who know it early, but to those who dare to "act after knowing it early."
The decentralization trilogy ends here.
But your own road to decentralization may have just begun.
Where should you start?
If you are a new friend who has just entered the market, you might as well start with the collection of zero-based tutorials I have compiled to quickly master the necessary skills, and at the same time participate in several zero-cost airdrop projects to build the initial assets and cognitive accumulation at the lowest cost.
If you are already an old player of Web3, welcome to join the Alpha Planet we are building, which will gather a group of explorers on the front line. Let us explore the real decentralization dividends together and find the next Alpha project with explosive potential.
This time, don't be a bystander.
Are you ready?