Beijing time this morning, the U.S. House of Representatives passed three crypto-related legislations, the CLARITY Act, the GENIUS Act, and the Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act. The GENIUS Act is expected to be signed into law by Trump on Friday local time.
This not only marks the first time that the United States has established a national regulatory framework for stablecoins, but also sends a clear signal that stablecoins are moving away from the gray area and entering the fringe of the mainstream financial system. At the same time, major financial centers such as Hong Kong, China and the European Union are also accelerating their pace, and the global stablecoin landscape is ushering in a round of reshaping.
Looking back at the past few months, we will find that stablecoins have almost overnight changed from financial variables under regulatory scrutiny to new infrastructure recognized by the government. What happened behind this? Who is pushing stablecoins to become the new protagonists on the global financial stage? How should we rationally understand this round of craze?
From Web3 narrative to national strategy, who is driving it?
Since the beginning of the year, stablecoins have undoubtedly become the focus of global financial policies and narratives.
But this craze is not accidental, nor is it the product of the natural evolution of technology, but a structural shift driven by policy forces, especially the policy shift in the Trump era, which played a "catfish role" with a very stirring effect.
On the one hand, Trump has always been strongly opposed to central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and has clearly expressed his support for the market-driven digital dollar route; on the other hand, from endorsing the USD1 launched by his family business to promoting and signing the GENIUS Act, Trump is also personally fulfilling his campaign promise to loosen restrictions on the crypto market.
This series of signals has also directly forced global regulators to re-examine stablecoins. Therefore, in just a few months, stablecoins have leapt from a marginal issue in the crypto circle to a focus of discussion at the national strategic level. In addition to Hong Kong, China, which has finalized a timetable for the implementation of the Stablecoin Ordinance, major economies around the world have begun to seriously consider and accelerate the establishment of a clear compliance framework for stablecoins:
The EU's MiCA Regulation (Markets in Crypto-Assets), which came into effect in 2024, has fully covered the compliance supervision of crypto assets and has made detailed classifications of stablecoins;
The ruling party of South Korea's new President Lee Jae-myung has proposed the Basic Law on Digital Assets, which clearly stipulates that as long as a South Korean company has a share capital of at least 500 million won (about 370,000 US dollars) and ensures that refunds are guaranteed through reserves, it can issue stablecoins;
It can be foreseen that this statement by the United States will become a reference paradigm for regulatory design in other countries, and promote stablecoins into the general discussion framework of global financial policies.
The path of stablecoins is changing
In the past few years, the stablecoin market has been dominated by Tether (USDT) and Circle (USDC), representing the two paths of "circulation efficiency" and "compliance and transparency" respectively:
USDT focuses on cross-platform circulation and matching efficiency, and dominates exchanges and gray settlement networks;
USDC emphasizes asset compliance and transparency, and deeply cultivates regulatory-friendly scenarios and institutional client systems;
From the overall scale, stablecoins have maintained a growth trend since 2025 - according to CoinGecko data, as of July 18, the total market value of stablecoins on the entire network was approximately US$262 billion, an increase of more than 20% from the beginning of the year.
This also means that in the process of the crypto market recovering, stablecoins are still the most core "liquidity entrance", among which the duopoly of USDT and USDC remains solid - the total market value of USDT exceeds 160 billion US dollars, accounting for more than 60%; USDC remains at around 65 billion US dollars, accounting for about 25%, and the combined share of the two is nearly 90%.
Since 2024, more and more Web2 financial companies and traditional capital forces have begun to enter the game and use stablecoins to build on-chain settlement tools. For example, PayPal's PYUSD and USD1, which is supported by new political capital, are two representative signals:
PYUSD (PayPal USD) was launched by payment giant PayPal, and it naturally has cross-border settlement scenarios and a global merchant network; USD1 aims to achieve compliant deposits and withdrawals and cross-border business on the chain, and has obtained support from political and business resources endorsed by Trump to enter the corporate settlement scenario.
It can be said that under the support of institutional and national forces, these emerging stablecoin projects are promoting the function of stablecoins from "Web3 liquidity tools" to a value bridge connecting Web3 and the real economic system. Its usage scenarios are also gradually penetrating from exchanges and wallets into multiple uses such as supply chain finance, cross-border trade, freelance settlement, and OTC scenarios.
Behind the surge, what is the real challenge of stablecoins?
However, objectively speaking, the GENIUS Act has certainly allowed stablecoins to gain institutional recognition, but it has also brought more compliance requirements and set clearer rules and boundaries for their development.
For example, the issuer must accept KYC/AML management, funds must have custody isolation and third-party audits, and in extreme cases, the issuance quota or use restrictions may be set, etc. This means that stablecoins have obtained legal status, but have also officially entered the "regulated currency role".
From this perspective, whether subsequent stablecoins can break through the label application restrictions of Web3 is the key to whether they can complete incremental landing. After all, looking further, the greatest growth potential of stablecoins is not in the internal circle of Crypto, but in the broader Web2 and the global real economy.
Just like the main increment of USDT and USDC, it has long ceased to come from on-chain interactive users, but from small and medium-sized enterprises and individual merchants with strong demand for cross-border settlement, emerging markets and financially disadvantaged regions that cannot access the SWIFT network, residents of inflationary countries who are eager to get rid of local currency fluctuations, content creators and freelancers who cannot use PayPal and Stripe, etc.
In other words, its biggest increment in the future is not in Web3, but in Web2-the real killer application of stablecoins is not "the next DeFi protocol", but "replacing traditional US dollar accounts".
This also means that once stablecoins become the basic carrier of digital dollars in the world, they will inevitably affect sensitive nerves such as monetary sovereignty, financial sanctions and geopolitical order.
Therefore, the next stage of growth of stablecoins will inevitably be closely related to the new globalization of the US dollar, and will also become a new battlefield between governments, international institutions and financial giants.
Written at the end
The essence of currency issuance has always been an extension of power. It relies not only on asset reserves and liquidation efficiency, but also on the endorsement of national credit, regulatory licenses and international status.
Stablecoins are no exception. If you want to truly penetrate from the Crypto world into the real economic system, it is not enough to rely solely on market mechanisms or business logic. Therefore, the compliance assistance brought about by the global policy shift in 2025 is certainly an important driving force for stablecoins to become mainstream, but it also means that it will have to survive in a more complex game.
This is a long-term game, and we are at the stage where it really begins.
