Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin has published a post expressing his hope that more developers working on zero-knowledge proofs (ZK) and fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) will express performance overhead as the ratio of cryptographic computation time to raw computation time, rather than simply describing performance in terms of execution times per second. He noted that this approach is more hardware-independent and can help developers assess the efficiency tradeoffs associated with transitioning applications from trust-based to cryptographically secure. Vitalik believes that even if the ratio is still affected by hardware due to heterogeneous operations, the overhead factor remains a more informative metric.